Employability and Personal Development Assignment

Employability and Personal Development - Assignment Example Innovative advances, multi-instruction programs, exceptionally powerful business conditions and human attitude have caused noteworthy changes in the activity advertise in the course of the most recent couple of decades. With regards to the current day work market, present day and conventional vocation makes more prominent contrasts, for example, ladies for the most part will in general pick customary profession openings than the other, despite the fact that they also grasp present day occupations in more noteworthy numbers. Current vocation traverses different employments like talented exchanging, administrations, expert and specialized profession and so on. Current occupations appear to be more testing and preferable paying open doors over the customary professions. Specialized or proficient vocations require higher capabilities and particular aptitudes while conventional professions are normal sound system composed occupations that don't require such capabilities and abilities. Present day employments are more paying than conventional ones because of that customary occupations are anything but difficult to perform and are requiring less abilities and capabilities. As there are significant contrasts among current and conventional professions in regard to the aptitudes, capabilities, information and experience required for each, matter of intrigue and employment fulfillment likewise become huge components. For instance, individuals appear to appreciate more fulfillment from gifted exchanging or specialized occupations because of that it is more paying and more stately employments than the customary ones. In nowadays, present day occupations are favored by ladies and this pattern has been expanding immensely in numerous nations. It isn't unordinary to see females in numerous gifted exchanging, specialized and proficient professions like nursing, overseeing, sportscaster and so on. The profession being picked must be one that gives fulfillment so it may not be a weight for the duration of one’s life. I believe current vocation to be drawn closer and I feel that cutting edge professions are difficulties. There can be numerous conventional activity looking for steps to be followed like gathering

How did King George III lose his 13 American Colonies? Essay -- essays

     There is a typical misinterpretation that the sole reason for the American Revolutionary War was the expenses forced on the states by Britain. On the off chance that a more critical look is taken at the historical backdrop of the Americas, nonetheless, it is anything but difficult to see that thought of opportunity had been beating through the settlements for a considerable length of time. Exactly how did His Majesty King George III lose his American states? The appropriate response is a chain of occasions hanging from the French and Indian war to the day George Washington gave over his soldiers to the Continental Congress, authoritatively finishing the War for Independence.      Before the French and Indian War, Britain had utilized an arrangement of Salutary Neglect with the settlements, giving them a feeling of opportunity. While Britain despite everything recognized the settlements, and the homesteaders stayed faithful to the crown, the provinces were commonly left to oversee themselves. After the French and Indian War, be that as it may, King George III saw in his states an approach to underwrite. England was in a post-war financial downturn, and required a wellspring of salary (Stamp Act). The settlements gave an ideal answer. They had set up their own frameworks of exchange and assembling during the hours of helpful disregard, and were turning out to be progressively independent. So as to get a portion of the colonists’ funds, Britain started to pass a progression of charges.      The Stamp Act was passed in 1765, and set an expense on any papered products that were going into the states from Britain. This included papers, flyers, and playing a game of cards, just to give some examples (Stamp Act).The settlers had been so acquainted with their opportunity from the crown now, that they were angered. The connection between the Mother nation and the provinces didn't show signs of improvement with the instatement of the Townshend Acts of 1767. These demonstrations passed burdens on consistently merchandise that the homesteaders required, for example, lead, tea, glass and paint(Townshend Acts). By this point, the pioneers were starting to address Britain’s thought processes towards them. They accepted they were being dealt with like slaves and being utilized exclusively for the monetary development of Britain. One night, in 1773, the settlers defied these expenses on their tea. A gathering of men dressed as Native Americans boarded a boat at Boston Harbor and emptied three vessels of burdened tea (Boston Tea Party). This occasion, known a... ...ish armed force required was, best case scenario, a half year away.      The American Revolutionary War formally finished in 1783 with the marking of the Treaty of Paris. Presently, General Washington gave up his soldiers to the Continental Congress. The Americans had won their freedom, a lot to the disappointment of the British crown. Ruler George III lost his American provinces because of various reasons. The duty of the American Revolution and King George III’s loss of his settlements can't be put on one explicit occasion, yet rather a development of strains throughout the years making the possibility of opportunity ring through the provinces and drive them to make the United States of American a free nation ‘with freedom and equity for all.’ Works Cited â€Å"Boston Tea Party.† Columbia University Press. 11 June 2005. â€Å"Encyclopedia: Saratoga, Battles of.† Funk and Wagnalls New Encyclopedia. 2005. June  â â â â 12, 2005. â€Å"Intolerable Acts.† Columbia University Press. 11 June 2005. â€Å"Stamp Act of 1765.† GNU Free Documentation. 12 June 2005.  â â â â â€Å"Townshend Acts.† GNU Free Documentation. 12 June 2005.

Why Most Product Launches Fail (And What To Do About It)

Why Most Product Launches Fail (And What To Do About It) Every person involved in a new product launching desires to see their product launch smash the sales records and be at the center of market attention and demand.Whether the product was borne out of ingenuity or a drive to promote the company’s reputation or revenue, nobody wants his or her creation to be an object of ridicule and rejection in the market.However, there are few that boast a massive turnover when they eventually launch their awesome business idea which has evolved into a product.In case you have ever had a product launch that flopped, you can remember the series of questions and mysteries that bugged your mind after realizing that your customers and the market at large are abandoning your product or opt for a product from one of your competitors.Why does this happen? How? What are the errors and the things they are doing right, and you are doing wrong? Which boxes are companies such as Amazon, Google or Apple, ticking off on their product launch checklist?Lots of comp anies face product launch failure.This article will lay bare the behind-the-scenes forces and factors responsible for the failure and more importantly how to recover and salvage the product or prevent such catastrophe in the nearest future.When the launch goes off without a hitch, all the effort seems worth it â€" but when it fails, it can send you and your business towards the liquidator’s office.If you have not had so much of a product launch fail, do not click the exit button yet as you are still in the business of launching new products.These tips might be helpful to you not just to prevent a product launch flop in the market, but also to get better and absolutely master the art of launching new products and contingency plans for recovery in case your new product sales fall below the expectations.When the launch goes off without a hitch, all the effort seems worth it â€" but when it fails, it can send you and your business into a doubt-ridden daze.All of this and more is the p urpose of this article.7 REASONS WHY MOST PRODUCT LAUNCHES FAIL1. Failure to pinpoint and understand consumer needs and demandLet us start off with a bold statement of truth â€" any product that does not satisfy a need will surely fail.The needs of consumers form what is known as market demand.For a product to be successful and in demand, it must be fulfilling at least one need for its consumers.However, if a product cannot satisfy this need, such product is bound to fail.Take for example; a laptop that can be packed up like a phone was launched by XYZ and targeted at executives of companies.Such product will hardly be fulfilling any need as these set of people will already have top computers and sophisticated phones that fully suit their communication needs.In 1970, ATT finally launched the Picture phone after much research, trials and much belief in its yield in the market.Fast forward to the end, the management had to pull it off the market 3 years later due to a lack of consumer interest.Why?The device was overcrowded with features for users and the pictures were too small to enjoy the viewing. They had ignored the negative user feedback from the trials and launched a product that did not satisfy the users’ needs.Therefore, there was no or a very low demand for this product.Coca-Cola’s 2004 launch of C2, a full-flavor Coke beverage with half the carbs and calories of original Coke intended for 20 to 40-year-old males, is also a good example of this flaw.Their response: Coca-Cola restarted its approach to consumer insights. As a result, the Coke Zero very much in demand is the outcome.Care must be taken to find out what the consumers really need and how customers reach they decisions, so you can persuade them to part with their money and get the product.Misunderstanding consumer need is equal to crashing the product sales even before launching it â€" therefore, you need the demand survey, consumer experts, interaction with the target market, feedbacks, and analysis to get it right. 2. Wrong pricingThis is perhaps the simplest, but also the trickiest part of a product launch.The need to understand the relationship between the need, demand, and value placed on the product by the users. A wrong pricing can be fatal to the launching of a new product into the market.A high price tag on a commodity which has other alternative products with competitively low prices spells of doom before entry into the market.Once you put a wrong price on your product, users may abandon it for another product or abandon its demand altogether, especially if is not a luxury product.A good case study of wrong pricing is the Apple Newton PDA which flopped because it was priced too high. The major factor responsible for its failure was the $700 price tag.Some customers could actually afford the Newton but they believed they could get the same alternative for a better bargain.Now, here is the tricky part.Consumer need to create demand and the interaction betwee n that demand and the value placed on it along with supply should dictate price.Hence, if the need of the target audience is a luxurious car or sports car or customized gadget such as an exquisite phone, you cannot afford to put a low price tag in order to be competitive.The idea here is exclusivity. This is the need and the value the users are paying for. You cannot place a $10,000 price on a Rolls Royce as the customers would think you are selling the worst quality of product ever imagined.So, get a market valuation expert to do a market situation analysis if you need to or do a market survey but you MUST get your pricing right or risk crashing your product launch.3. Attempting to fix a non-existent problemImagine a product, which is not a power button, designed to help users switch on a computer in the morning.Sounds useless, right?I can switch on my computer system whenever I want to now and I do not need a product to help me with thatâ€" unless I had a disability preventing me to do that by myself and this new product caters for clients with such disability.Demand is based on needs while consumer needs are based on real problems or just desires.For example, Mr. A needs his coffee hot. The need is a product to boil water. This creates his demand the next time he goes to a shopping mall. He then buys Electric Kettle X produced by Company B to solve that problem.So, your product cannot exist in a vacuum.Irrespective of whatever the dream, passion, research, and resources are on a specific product if it is designed to solve a problem that was not in actual existence, such product is set to doom upon launch.Forget your marketing strategies. The harsh reality that the users will have to rate your product after your awesome marketing is set to dawn.In 1990 Maxwell House launched Ready to Drink Coffee. It was a product designed to create a new, convenient way for customers to enjoy coffee instantly, without having to actually make it at home.A buyer could buy the product at their local supermarket, microwave it, and coffee would be ready.However, the product still needs to be poured from its packaging into a mug before you can microwave it.An exercise that they did each time they wanted to make fresh coffee and they kept doing, forcing the company to abandon the product.Quick Reality Check: Is your product solving an actual problem? 4. Targeting the wrong marketUnless it is the air we all breathe, the chances that your product will appeal to everybody in the world or in your market are very slim.The folks, to whom your product will be most functional too, are likely to be the market where you will get the highest turnover.If a product is marketed to the wrong audience, it will most likely fail as consumers in such category will wonder why they should buy such product.You cannot market very large screen monitors to a local supermarket or fertilizers to companies in New York. It is a futile attempt.Microsoft decided to take on the iPod in 200 6 by launching Zune which promised to equal its counterpart. Zune terribly failed on the market.Why did Zune fail?The company (Microsoft) was offering a product to a market that already had a better alternative and they admitted they created a product just to match competition with Apple.How the market will react to a product may be very difficult to ascertain.This is why it is critical to conduct market surveys and user trials and obtain feedback.Do not ignore these feedbacks. Rather analyze and improve your product.All your efforts will be worth it in the end rather than just let your sweat wash down the drain because you decided to stop mid-way. Give it your all. 5. Poor preparationPoor preparation will most definitely lead to a poor performance.As a marketer or a business entrepreneur looking to make the most of his or her product launch, you must realize that getting customers’ attention towards your product is a result of numerous boardroom meetings, behind-the-scenes works, and backdoor planning.I am talking about the drawing board, the planning team, and the execution personnel.The package must be all tight, but poor preparation or inadequate preparation will ultimately lead to a stillborn launch.It is laughable already that some companies or entrepreneurs prioritize other matters that can wait over their product launch. It deserves all your attention, resources and experienced personnel.So, what are some of those things you probably overlooked but should include? Some details producers do not include might be:Lack of involvement and test by expertsContinued use of underperforming staffLack of market survey and strategyLack of customer research and validation supporting the new productWindows Vista used so much power that most users found it unusable. This was incomparable to the issues users had when they tried using it with the Internet.The product could not help but fail. Am I saying the giant Microsoft did not prepare well?Four months after the r elease of Windows Vista, Microsoft allowed Dell to sell computers with an older version of Windows pre-installed.The fact speaks for itself.Launching a new product requires time, money, and a lot of work to be done.Avoid flops and prepare better than your competitors if you want to keep your head above the water. Don’t forget that adequate resources and funds are critical to your product launch. 6. Technological inadequaciesEnter the 21stcentury â€" the Information Age and the Age of Artificial Intelligence.A product that suffers technological flaws will likely not survive the kind of genius tech competition flooding the market.Let us face facts.Nobody has the patience to cope with a technologically flawed product when there are many other options available that have it perfectly working.It is not only electronic devices that deal with technological flaws. A technological flaw may be in your production process of a detergent, for example.Whatever you produce, I can sure bet that y ou employ a bit of technology, especially when it involves your website, blog or online store. Some mistakes can be forgiven by buyers, but some are fatal. As a large company, to ensure a successful product launch, you must constantly upgrade your level of service. If you slack, you can be sure that there are over five products willing to beat you to the same market.A good example of this is the Samsung Galaxy Note 7 â€" a very lovely device, with a friendly interface and cool features. But it also had another feature that surfaced after the launchâ€" short-circuiting.The batteries became so hot during use that you could literally heat water from it and the users even recorded explosions.Tragic.Samsung had to re-back the product and eventually stopped production after taking a 33% hit on its quarterly operating profits estimated at USD 17 billion making this phone a terrible product launch and flop. 7. A launch of a revolutionary product that is not fully supportedImagine if Adobe r eleased their Adobe Photoshop or Video Pro without user-friendly tools and videos to support the use?It would be only the producer’s employees and maybe few other professionals, that will ever know how to use the product.This is because these software packages are part of a group of special products and you should be able to identify if your product falls into this category.They are called revolutionary products.They need some explaining for the target market to understand what the product is all about or they would regret spending their money in exchange for confusion.In 2004, Proctor Gamble added an entirely new innovation to its range of Febreze air-freshening products in the form of Scentstories: “discs” that could be “played” on a CD-player-like. The users just could not understand the technology, so this product flopped in the market.Similarly, using a complex technology when it can be much simplified will also deprive your product of full maximization of the market .Revolutionary products might need some explaining. If your target market doesn’t get your product or understand what it does, they won’t buy it.HOW TO RECOVER FROM A FAILED PRODUCT LAUNCHHere are few steps that can get you the best product launch comeback.Digging deepThe real problems why product launches fail is not usually detectable at the surface. There must be some primary details omitted or other unnecessary details included, and you need to find out those details.How do you investigate?Just follow these simple steps and you should find out very soon.Analyze the dataEvery piece of data and detail matters here. You need to comb every corner if you truly desire recovery or value future product launches.Why do you need to do this?Because your product itself may not have been the reason for its failure â€" it may have been the customer journey surrounding it.For example, the problem might even be your website! Maybe the check-out process is just too tedious â€" so remember th at every detail deserves your attention.You can log on to Google Analytics, or any other entry-level analytics platform, and check out some of these metrics:Bounce rate: the percentage of visitors who land on a page and then exit before visiting any other page. From here, you can identify your weakest pages and then think about how to improve them. To check your bounce rate using Google Analytics, go to Audience Overview.Entry pages: Basically, you have the good news on these metrics. This will help you understand which page to optimize. You can access these metrics by heading to Site Content Landing Pages.Exit pages: You should get to know where your customers get disinterested. If it is the check-out process or any other page, then you need to attend to it very fast. You can evaluate which pages are leaking visitors by going to the Users Flow section in your Google Analytics dashboard.Talk to your audienceThis involves engaging your customers to find out what exactly turned them off your previously failed product.They can fill in a quick survey on your website or via social media.Social media is one of the very responsive ways to obtain feedbacks these days, so do not be shy â€" get on with it.Check out Survey Monkey â€" there you can create a free survey with questions like:How well did you like “Product X”?What did you dislike about the product?Did it satisfy the reason for its purchase?How would you like us to improve on it?Or any other question you feel might help you to understand their reaction.As an incentive for completing the survey, you could offer them a discount on other products in your store.Call the expertsOutsourced help can really lift the veil on your search especially where your product is a specialized commodity.For example, you may need to get in touch with a pediatrician to understand what went wrong with a product designed for babies.Websites like ExpertFile can help you with finding experienced names in your industry.You can also invite them over or send them product samples and avoid doing it all in video chat. It really would go a long way.So, you have come a long way, here are what I call the “Get-it-done steps”.Identify and effect necessary changes from the data you obtained from digging deep and insights gathered from the experts.Return to your audience, adjust to changes indicated by them and tweak it to perfection.Identify your target market and carefully bombard the market according to laid down plans.Monitor the progress and use contingency plans to manage risks and losses.Then watch as the profits turn in massively. SUMMING UPYou would agree with me that the future of many dreams and great business ideas lie in the success or failure of a product launch.However, we can learn from our mistakes and from the mistakes of others. This is the intention of this article â€" for you to learn from others’ mistakes and see your business dreams become reality.So, do not relax or go to sleep after readin g this. Decide to give it all it takes.In case you are still interested in recovering the market positioning for your product, I guess you already know what to do.Take note of all the ways we listed of how you can avoid future mistakes and implement the best ways.Remember: successful products will justify all the efforts you put into it and probably put your name on the gold roll. I wish you luck!

A Paralegal Studies Degree Online 2019

Early on in the 1960s, when the paralegal career first developed, the position of the paralegal was sort of an upgrade from a legal secretary. A paralegal was less of an office operations focused job, and not a clear profession. As the position took shape as the role of an attorneys assistant, post-secondary educational programs were developed to form a certification process. This certification process was recognized by the American Bar Association. The Certified Legal Assistant (CLA) emerged from this process, and is directly related to what we call a paralegal today. The terms have basically the same meaning. Many technical colleges and other schools still provide these legal assistant certification programs. Today, there are online educational institutions that offer associates and bachelors degrees in paralegal studies. Some colleges do offer a masters level paralegal studies program, but that is rarely a requirement to begin a career as a paralegal, and it is not offered at as many schools as lower collegiate degrees in paralegal studies are. Kaplan University provides both levels of undergraduate degrees online in paralegal studies. Some of the programs offered at Kaplan are the standard bachelors of science in paralegal studies, the BS in paralegal studies/alternative dispute resolution, the BS in paralegal studies/office management, and the BS in paralegal studies/personal injury. .ue1679e088ee082100578420f1c52f164 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ue1679e088ee082100578420f1c52f164:active, .ue1679e088ee082100578420f1c52f164:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ue1679e088ee082100578420f1c52f164 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ue1679e088ee082100578420f1c52f164 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ue1679e088ee082100578420f1c52f164 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ue1679e088ee082100578420f1c52f164:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Political Science Degree Jobs Career Possibilities with a Degree in Political ScienceBoth degrees, associates and bachelors, require some liberal arts study and focuses paralegal subjects. These include English composition and literature, history, social sciences and a course or two in the areas of fine arts and science as well as torts, family law, legal writing, arbitration and conflict resolution, criminal law, legal research and a course on the structure and functions of the legal system. While similar basics are covered on both collegiate degree levels, the bachelors program naturally covers topics in a greater depth. At a traditional college or university, an associates degree would take two years, and a bachelors would take four years. The online learning system has accelerated programs that allow students to complete the requirements for these degrees in less time. This study time is considerably shorter if you enroll online with transferable college credits that you have already completed. Entry level positions at a law office as a legal secretary or clerk might be acquired with minimal certification. Requirements for positions with more case related responsibility like a paralegal are becoming higher. Many law firms desire applicants to posses at least an associates degree or, in many cases, a bachelors degree. With online programs, these requirements are easier than ever to meet. .uf4f7f30e46f2e1fd6a624cb6f971901d { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .uf4f7f30e46f2e1fd6a624cb6f971901d:active, .uf4f7f30e46f2e1fd6a624cb6f971901d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .uf4f7f30e46f2e1fd6a624cb6f971901d { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .uf4f7f30e46f2e1fd6a624cb6f971901d .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .uf4f7f30e46f2e1fd6a624cb6f971901d .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .uf4f7f30e46f2e1fd6a624cb6f971901d:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ A Multitude of Computer Programming LanguagesParalegals are often responsible for drafting arguments for attorneys, brief writing, interviewing potential clients, and other law office duties. This is why a four year degree in paralegal studies is desirable. If you are interested in a career like this and dont want to spend four years on a a campus, online programs may be the path you want to take. Related ArticlesParalegal Degree Options OnlineDegree Programs for the ParalegalEarning a Bachelors Degree in Paralegal StudiesParalegal Career EducationNursing and Health Care DegreesGetting a College Education Online

What Are the Positive and Negative Aspects of the Aromic...

The First Only-Atomic Bomb The atomic bomb, also known as the atom bomb or fission bomb, a weapon whose explosive power originates from the fission of atomic nuclei, a reaction in which an atomic nucleus splits in two. When the nucleus of a heavy atom, such as the element uranium-235, which is what the atom bomb is made out of, is split, a certain amount of mass disappears and an equivalent amount of energy is released. This was expressed by the equation E=mc2 (energy = mass times the speed of light squared).This is the energy that powers an atom bomb. On a pound-for-pound basis, the U-235 in an atomic bomb can release on the order of one million times as much energy as TNT, a high explosive. The atomic bomb is the first nuclear†¦show more content†¦Through the atom bomb, scientist have discovered how to harness the power of nuclear energy. Nuclear power plants are far more efficient than traditional power plants. The medical field has also taken advantage of the atomic bomb. Technology used in the a tomic bomb is also used for CAT scans and chemotherapy. What Was The Outcome Of The Manhattan Project? In 1945 the United States covert operation known as The Manhattan Project achieved its goal - to create the first atomic bomb. Since its inception in 1939, scientist had struggled to find a way to harness the power of fission. Through the combined efforts of many, a test bomb known as Fat Boy was finally created. On July 16, 1945 in a desert in New Mexico the worlds first nuclear test, codenamed Trinity, was conducted and ushered in the Atomic Age. The Trinity test success led to the creation of two more atomic bombs that would be used in WWII. On August 6, 1945 the American B-29 bomber known as the Enola Gay released the first atomic bomb to be used in warfare. The 9,000 pound bomb nicknamed Little Boy detonated in Hiroshima, Japan. Little Boys explosion was catastrophic and resulted in 66 thousand instantaneous deaths. Total vaporization from the blast measured one half a mile in diameter. Total destruction ranged one mile in diameter and serious blazes extended as far as three mil es in diameter. Three days after the release of Little Boy a second bomb named Fat Man was released on the town of Nagasaki.

History of Bangladesh Free Essays

The  history of  Bangladesh  as a  nation state  began in 1971, when it seceded from  Pakistan. Prior to the creation of Pakistan in 1947, modern-day Bangladesh was part of  ancient,  classical,  medieval  and  colonial  India. The area’s early history featured a succession of  Indian empires, internal squabbling, and a tussle between  Hinduism  and  Buddhism  for dominance. We will write a custom essay sample on History of Bangladesh or any similar topic only for you Order Now Islammade its first appearance between the 8th-10th centuries when Muslim missionaries arrived. Later, Muslim rulers reinforced the process of conversion by building  mosques,  madrassas  and Sufi  Khanqah. The borders of present-day Bangladesh were established with the  partition of Bengal  and  India  in 1947, when the region became  East Pakistan, part of the newly formed  Islamic State  of  Pakistan. However, it was separated from the  western wing  by 1,600  km (994  mi) of Indian territory. Due to political exclusion, ethnic and linguistic discrimination, as well as economic neglect by the politically dominant West Pakistan, popular agitation led by  Sheikh Mujibur Rahman grew against  West Pakistan, resulting in the  Bangladesh Liberation War  of 1971, which the  Bengali people  won with the support of India. After independence, the new state endured  famine,  natural disasters  and  widespread poverty, as well as political turmoil and  military coups. The restoration of democracy in 1991 has been followed by relative calm and economic progress. The Bengali Language Movement The  Bengali Language Movement, also known as the  Language Movement  Bhasha Andolon, was a political effort in  Bangladesh  (then known as  East Pakistan), advocating the recognition of the  Bengali language  as an  official language  of  Pakistan. Such recognition would allow Bengali to be used in government affairs. When the state of Pakistan was  formed  in 1947, its two regions, East Pakistan (also called  East Bengal) and  West Pakistan, were split along cultural, geographical, and linguistic lines. In 1948, the  Government of Pakistan  ordained  Urdu  as the sole national language, sparking extensive protests among the Bengali-speaking majority of East Pakistan. Facing rising sectarian tensions and mass discontent with the new law, the government outlawed public meetings and rallies. The students of the  University of Dhaka  and other political activists defied the law and organised a protest on 21 February 1952. The movement reached its climax when police killed student demonstrators on that day. The deaths provoked widespread civil unrest led by the  Awami Muslim League, later renamed the  Awami League. After years of conflict, the central government relented and granted official status to the Bengali language in 1956. In 2000,  UNESCO  declared 21 February  International Mother Language Day  for the whole world to celebrate,[7]  in tribute to the Language Movement and the ethno-linguistic rights of people around the world. The Language Movement catalysed the assertion of Bengali national identity in Pakistan, and became a forerunner to Bengali nationalist movements, including the  6-point movement  and subsequently the  Bangladesh Liberation War  in 1971. In Bangladesh, 21 February is observed asLanguage Movement Day, a national holiday. The  Shaheed Minar  monument was constructed near Dhaka Medical College in memory of the movement and its victims. ———————– The  History of  Bangladesh How to cite History of Bangladesh, Papers

The Message of the Black Ball free essay sample

The theme of the story would have to do with Persistence and doing hard work through the tough times. In the story, in the beginning it starts of with john doing custodian work â€Å"mopping the lobby†¦. Sweeping and dusting the halls, and emptying the trash. †(343) And it shows that he is doing low class work even though he has a good education. He is a single parent having to take care of his son â€Å"I gave him his food and settled into a chair to study†¦ (348) and while at that, instead of watching TV or doing any other activity, he would rather further his education Also, he has a white boss that does not see him as a human being and all that he is interested in are materialistic things in life like his money for the nicely polished brass that john polishes as part of his job. If you see it all at once, you see that john is a low class worker that has to raise a child on his own and his boss just sees him as a way to make his own income, those are part and most of the difficulties john has to endure and not just John but his son as well. We will write a custom essay sample on The Message of the Black Ball or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the story, the way john acts and the way he speaks shows a lot about his personality and how educated he is. In the south, most people talk with a southern accent using the word howdy but john says good morning in a educated and well mannered way compared to the others including white union workers. John shows a lot of love and care for his son showing that he has nothing against being a single parent loving his son no matter what. Some of the hardships he had to face is when his son would ask him â€Å"Am I Black†? And John would just tell him â€Å"of course not, you’re brown. You know you’re not black† (344). What john is trying to teach his son here is that there is no point in saying there’s black and then there’s white, his trying to teach him that no matter what race you are they are all individuals. What Ellison was trying to do with him metaphors and symbols was to try and explain the theme. A symbol for example was the word black because it was a negative label according to the whites in the white world. White supposedly means pure and innocent and at the same time johns son is playing with a white ball and that’s symbolism for the experiences he will have. Also, the term â€Å"Behind the black ball† means that you are in a losing position and its reference comes from a game of pool. The Black Ball in the story is used as a symbolic way of racism and the way people discriminate. In the story, you can see that john is passive men that try’s to avoid conflicts in any way possible. There was when john lied to the stranger and also his boss about what the stranger wanted so that it wouldn’t make Mr. Berry upset. Also, when John agrees with Mr. Barry about his son broke his plants knowing that it wasn’t actually his son and that some white bully threw it up there, but instead went along with it to avoid conflict. John is trying to protect his love one and those around him which makes him passive. The way Ellison used metaphors, symbols, and characterization shows how the author felt with his own experiences with racism and discrimination also affected what he thought himself of himself. In the story, Johns son says that he wants to be a truck driver because he saw another African American driving and working with one and that showed john that his sons expectations of a better future were really low and he wasn’t thinking of reaching beyond the stars and do some professional work. In the end, John sees that he has to see beyond some ones skin color and you find out the true person that person really is like the union worker that was a white but had a good heart and his boss that was quite the opposite but there are both just people.

Proud and intensely individual, I really want to s Essays

Proud and intensely individual, I really want to s Essays Leo Proud and intensely individual, I really want to stand out, to be the very best I can be, and to be recognized and appreciated for my unique contributions. Doing something well and being respected for it is extremeluy important to me and I cannot tolerate being in the background, taking orders from otheres, or being jsut one of the team. I must put my personal stamp on whatever I do, and direct my own course in life. I need to have a place where I can shine, express myself creativelym, and be the one in charge. I have big drezms and determination, spirit, vitality, and enthusiam to bring them into being. I also have a noble romantic heart, and a love of the dramatic, colorful, and wxtravagant. For me it is true that all the world's a stage and I secretely ( or perhaps not so secretely) desire to be the Star or Hero in the play. I want to be great and to receive the lkove and applause of an adoring audience evein if the audience is just one other special person. I need someone to believe in me and my dreams. Though I appear radiantly self-confident and independent, I am actually very much depenbdent on the affirmation, love. and recognition of others. I cannot bear the thought of being unnoticed or unappreciated. I also love wholeheartedly and genrerously and really know how to make the person I love feel special. I love the magin of being in love and know how to keep the romance alive in the relationship. I am also immensely loyal and will defend my loved ones and stand by them to the end-as kibg as they never offent my pride or betray my trust. HowevermI like to be the strong one in a relationship and I really do not share the leading role very easily. Ideally, I need to find a person who is as strong-willed as myself, but who will not tryt to dominate or compete with me. My strengths are my zest and love for life, my creative power, and my warm and generous heart. My primary fault is my tendency to be very egocentric, so concerned with the impression I am making and with my own creative self-expression that I forget there is another, larger world that down not revolve around me. Bibliography Fox, Kellie.

Comparing the Hydrogen Bomb and the Atomic Bomb

Comparing the Hydrogen Bomb and the Atomic Bomb A hydrogen bomb and an atomic bomb are both types of nuclear weapons, but the two devices are very different from each other. In a nutshell, an atomic bomb is a fission device, while a hydrogen bomb uses fission to power a fusion reaction. In other words, an atomic bomb can be used as a trigger for a hydrogen bomb. Take a look at the definition of each type of bomb and understand the distinction between them. Atomic Bomb An atomic bomb or A-bomb is a nuclear weapon that explodes due to the extreme energy released by nuclear fission. For this reason, this type of bomb is also known as a fission bomb. The word atomic isnt strictly accurate since its just the nucleus of the atom that is involved in fission (its protons and neutrons), rather than the entire atom or its electrons. A material capable of fission (fissile material) is given supercritical mass, while is the point at which fission occurs. This can be achieved by either compressing sub-critical material using explosives or by shooting one part of a sub-critical mass into another one. The fissile material is enriched uranium or plutonium. The energy output of the reaction can range to the equivalent of about a ton of the explosive TNT up to 500 kilotons of TNT. The bomb also releases radioactive fission fragments, which result from the heavy nuclei breaking into smaller ones. Nuclear fallout mainly consists of fission fragments. Hydrogen Bomb A hydrogen bomb or H-bomb is a type of nuclear weapon that explodes from the intense energy released by nuclear fusion. Hydrogen bombs may also be called thermonuclear weapons. The energy results from the fusion of isotopes of hydrogen- deuterium and tritium. A hydrogen bomb relies on the energy released from a fission reaction to  heat and compress the hydrogen to trigger fusion, which can also generate additional fission reactions. In a large thermonuclear device, about half of the yield of the device comes from fission of depleted uranium. The fusion reaction doesnt really contribute to fallout, but because the reaction is triggered by fission and causes further fission, H-bombs generate at least as much fallout as atomic bombs. Hydrogen bombs can have much higher yields than atomic bombs, equivalent to megatons of TNT. The Tsar Bomba, the largest nuclear weapon ever detonated, was a hydrogen bomb with a 50 megaton yield. Comparisons Both types of nuclear weapons release vast quantities of energy from a small amount of matter and release most of their energy from fission, and produce radioactive fallout. The hydrogen bomb has a potentially higher yield and is a more complicated device to construct. Other Nuclear Devices In addition to atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs, there are other types of nuclear weapons: neutron bomb: A neutron bomb, like a hydrogen bomb, is a thermonuclear weapon. The explosion from a neutron bomb is relatively small, but a large number of neutrons are released. While living organisms are killed by this type of device, less fallout is produced and physical structures are more likely to remain intact. salted bomb: A salted bomb is a nuclear bomb surrounded by cobalt, gold, other other material such that detonation produces a large amount of long-lived radioactive fallout. This type of weapon could potentially serve as a doomsday weapon, since the fall-out could eventually gain global distribution. pure fusion bomb: Pure fusion bombs are nuclear weapons that produce a fusion reaction without the aid of a fission bomb trigger. This type of bomb would not release significant radioactive fallout. electromagnetic pulse weapon (EMP): This is a bomb intended to produce a nuclear electromagnetic pulse, which can disrupt electronic equipment. A nuclear device detonated in the atmosphere emits an electromagnetic pulse spherically. The goal of such a weapon is to damage electronics over a wide area. antimatter bomb: An antimatter bomb would release energy from the annihilation reaction that results when matter and antimatter interact. Such a device has not been produced because of the difficulty synthesizing significant quantities of antimatter.

How should one live Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

How should one live - Coursework Example However, we should not forget that all people are linked to the earth. In this regard, we are all connected, and this connectedness requires us to live in harmony and ecologically conscious. The question on how an individual should live is significant to human existence. Aristotle provided an explanation on how one should live through the concept of eudaimonia (Pojman, 2005). This concept was translated to imply happiness, fulfillment and human flourishing. Aristotle gave this answer because he established that eudaimonia was the only goal of life that could be taken into account as "an end in itself, and not a means to another end" (Pojman, 2005). Aristotle can be viewed to have offered an appropriate manner to live, if such a thing subsists. He came up with eudaimonia through observing the virtues that were portrayed by people who seemed happy and flourish (Pojman, 2005). As it was, such people conducted themselves with some degree of courage, honesty, integrity, honor, fairness and rationality. Therefore, how one ought to live is concerned with ethics, which develops an individual’s virtuous character (Pojman, 2005). Notably, if an individual develops such a p ersonality, he or she understands the right thing to do and do

Charity Giving Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Charity Giving - Essay Example Any person with high values and cultural values will provide high donation as per his or her financial status. Some may do charity for the help of the society by giving blood and donating the body organs in order to help others. This is done by the people due to their own moral values. The regularity of charity whether financial or in other forms depends largely on the person and his or her values in life. None of the charitable organisations can influence them as they are guided by their own ideas and views. A few people refer charitable giving as a personal value which is incorporated in the individual from the beginning of his/her life by the parents. The importance of finance and the gesture to help others in need are the values, which influence the charitable actions of the people. These values are incorporated among the people from the childhood (Duncan, 1999). No charitable institutions, advertisements and marketing strategies can influence the people. Charity depends on the p eople and it depends on the personal freedom and rights of the people to whether they want to do charity or not. Charity can be in money and also in kind. Personal values influence to a considerable extent the charitable action of the people. However, not only the values but also the demographic factors, such as the age of the person, wealth, gender and education contribute towards charitable behaviour. Strong personal values along with moral values have a high degree of influence charitable giving.

Developing Critical Thinking Essay -- Critical Thinking Reflection

A person is not born as a good critical thinker. The first thing that is needed is a level of maturity having the ability to conceptualize and understand the world (Boss, 2010). The skills that are associated with a person that has good critical thinking are: Analytical Skills: recognize and evaluate arguments to filter through to the truth. Effective Communication: ability to listen, speak, and write effectively. Research Skills: ability to gather, evaluate, and create supporting evidence. (Boss, 2010) In teaching critical thinking, Dr. Chan and Dr. Lau (n.d.) explain good critical thinking, â€Å"as the foundation of science and a liberal democratic society. Science requires the critical use of reason in experimentation and theory confirmation. The proper functioning of a liberal democracy requires citizens who can think critically about social issues to inform their judgments about proper governance and to overcome biases and prejudice.† A person with a level of maturity that is able to be research issues, through being analytical, and done by using good communication skills can be considered a good critical thinker. In my life, I have gone from not being a good critical thinker to getting much better as I have matured. In my younger years I used many of the resistances to critical thinking. The one that I used most often was distraction. This was especially true when I was in college for the first time. Many things were able to distract me from focusing on the tasks at hand. Now in my forties returning to school I have more clarity around the goals and this lets me accomplish the tasks more easily. I can listen, analyze, and research the issues more quickly and with more focus to accomplish the mission then in ... ...t created the universe before the big bang? God might not be just a figment created by religion but could be the ultimate creator of all that we see. Works Cited Boss, J. (2010), Think: Critical thinking and logic skills for everyday life (1st ed.). New York: McGraw Hill. Chan, J. & Lau, J. (n.d.). Module: about critical thinking. Retrieved from http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/critical/ct.php Goleman, D. (2001). Daniel Golemen: emotional intelligence. Thinkers. Charter Management Institute. Retrieved March 10, 2012 from http://go.galegroup.com.ezp-02.lirn.net/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA85608627&v=2.1&u=lirn_crevc&it=r&p=GPS&sw=w Hasan, M. (2012, January 9). God need not be the enemy of science. New Statesman [1996], 141(5087), 19. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezp-02.lirn.net/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA279138538&v=2.1&u=lirn_crevc&it=r&p=GPS&sw=w Developing Critical Thinking Essay -- Critical Thinking Reflection A person is not born as a good critical thinker. The first thing that is needed is a level of maturity having the ability to conceptualize and understand the world (Boss, 2010). The skills that are associated with a person that has good critical thinking are: Analytical Skills: recognize and evaluate arguments to filter through to the truth. Effective Communication: ability to listen, speak, and write effectively. Research Skills: ability to gather, evaluate, and create supporting evidence. (Boss, 2010) In teaching critical thinking, Dr. Chan and Dr. Lau (n.d.) explain good critical thinking, â€Å"as the foundation of science and a liberal democratic society. Science requires the critical use of reason in experimentation and theory confirmation. The proper functioning of a liberal democracy requires citizens who can think critically about social issues to inform their judgments about proper governance and to overcome biases and prejudice.† A person with a level of maturity that is able to be research issues, through being analytical, and done by using good communication skills can be considered a good critical thinker. In my life, I have gone from not being a good critical thinker to getting much better as I have matured. In my younger years I used many of the resistances to critical thinking. The one that I used most often was distraction. This was especially true when I was in college for the first time. Many things were able to distract me from focusing on the tasks at hand. Now in my forties returning to school I have more clarity around the goals and this lets me accomplish the tasks more easily. I can listen, analyze, and research the issues more quickly and with more focus to accomplish the mission then in ... ...t created the universe before the big bang? God might not be just a figment created by religion but could be the ultimate creator of all that we see. Works Cited Boss, J. (2010), Think: Critical thinking and logic skills for everyday life (1st ed.). New York: McGraw Hill. Chan, J. & Lau, J. (n.d.). Module: about critical thinking. Retrieved from http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/critical/ct.php Goleman, D. (2001). Daniel Golemen: emotional intelligence. Thinkers. Charter Management Institute. Retrieved March 10, 2012 from http://go.galegroup.com.ezp-02.lirn.net/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA85608627&v=2.1&u=lirn_crevc&it=r&p=GPS&sw=w Hasan, M. (2012, January 9). God need not be the enemy of science. New Statesman [1996], 141(5087), 19. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezp-02.lirn.net/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA279138538&v=2.1&u=lirn_crevc&it=r&p=GPS&sw=w

Explication of “a Birthday Present” by Sylvia Plath

George B 11/18/11 Explication of â€Å"A Birthday Present† by Sylvia Plath For many readers, the draw of Sylvia Plath’s poetry is distinctly linked to her life as well as the desire to end her life. As Robert Lowell states in the forward of Ariel, â€Å"This poetry and life are not a career; they tell that a life, even when disciplined, is simply not worth it† (xv). â€Å"A Birthday Present†`, written by Plath in September of 1962 and hauntingly recorded in her own voice on audio in October of that same year, is just one of the many poems that comprise the collection titled Ariel.Its allusion to suicide is unmistakable. Its main theme is the escape from life that death provides. Plath’s life as well as her desire to end it is well documented, primarily because she has chosen to record her tormented existence in her prose and poetry. M. D. Uroff states, â€Å". . . she put the speaker herself at the center of her poems in such a way as to make her p sychological vulnerability and shame an embodiment of her civilization . . . we should reconsider the nature of the speaker in Plath’s poems, her relationship to the poet, and the extent to which the poems are confessional† (104).The novel, The Bell Jar, chronicles her college years and first attempt at suicide, and her poetry, primarily in the collection in Ariel, provides glimpses into her state of mind. She interjects herself into her work so deeply that it is unmistakable that the speaker in the poetry is Plath herself. With that firmly in mind, explicating this poem becomes a quest into the months that preceded her taking her own life on February 11th 1963. A symbol used in the poem â€Å"A Birthday Present† is the veil: The veil and what it may conceal is a theme that permeates the poem in multiple forms.In line 1 when the speaker says, â€Å"What is this, behind this veil, is it ugly, is it beautiful? † The speaker continues in the successive lines to question not only what it is but for whom it is for. In line 16, â€Å"Now there are veils, shimmering like curtains† and in lines 17 and 18 veils are compared to the light translucent material that covered the kitchen window as well as the misty air in January one would imagine she saw from her flat in England. And once again in lines 55-57 when she says â€Å"Only let down the veil, the veil, the veil.If it were death I would admire the deep gravity of it, its timeless eyes. † Here she wants to let down the veil and face it head on, and in the case of death, embrace it. This is certainly not the first time that the speaker has entertained the notion of ending her life. The speaker mentions in line 13 and 14 that she does not want a present as she is only alive by accident and in line 15, â€Å"I would have killed myself gladly that time any possible way. † Plath herself had a botched suicide attempt in her past that she used as a plot point in her novel, Th e Bell Jar.Biographer Caitriona O ‘Reilly chronicles the incident in 1953 after Plath finished a guest editorship at Mademoiselle in New York City. After prescription sleeping pills and Electroconvulsive therapy to combat depression, Plath attempted suicide through an overdose of sleeping pills (356). The accident, as the speaker refers to it, directly relates to the fact that she was found alive and nursed back to health: at least physically. There is also an aspect of what is expected from society of the speaker of the poem.Women in the 1950’s were expected to get married and procreate, not getting seriously interested in education and careers. These things would prevent a woman from leading a happy and normal feminine life (Bennett 103). Bennett also speaks of this, â€Å"Like most women in the 1950s†¦ Sylvia Plath appears to have accepted the basic assumptions of this doctrine or ideology even though she knew that in many respects they ran counter to the sprin gs of her own nature†Ã‚  (103). This certainly flew in the face of what Sylvia Plath was about.The speaker in the poem seems to lament this in lines 7 and 8, â€Å"Measuring the flour, cutting off the surplus, / adhering to rules, to rules, to rules. † Likewise, â€Å"Is this one for the annunciation? / My God, what a laugh† (9-10). Certainly, the ideals of society put forth in these lines, a woman’s place is in the kitchen and the comparison to the virgin birth of Christ, are an impossibility for an educated and tormented Plath. The speaker seems to have no other choice than ending the suffering.In the poem, there is a conflict concerning the end of the speaker’s life. In lines 21-26 the speaker is in essence asking for the relief of death and references the religious theme of the last supper in line 26, â€Å"Let us eat our last supper at it, like a hospital plate. † Line 27-29 states the problem with the present that is wanted, â€Å"I kn ow why you will not give it to me, / You are terrified/ the world will go up in a shriek, and your head with it,†. The speaker continues to lobby for relief, â€Å"I will only take it and go quietly. You will not even hear me open it, no paper crackle, / No falling ribbons, no scream at the end. / I do not think you credit me with this discretion† (Lines 33-36). The shame attached to suicide is overwhelming, not necessarily for the victim but those left to deal with societal pressures associated with it. The speaker seems to take this into account as she contemplates the act; it is more important that those left behind are unscathed than the torture that the speaker is going through. Discretion is more important than directly confronting the underlying problems.Finally, the speaker appeals to the giver’s sense of duty when she describes how her death has been occurring incrementally but not nearly as quickly as she would like. The use of words like motes (small p articles, like the dust particles that can be seen floating in the sunlight) and carbon monoxide (deadly despite being undetectable by smell or sight) described as sweetly breathable in the lines 37-43 are used to show how the speaker has suffered for years from invisible or nearly invisible things for quite a long time: â€Å"To you they are only transparencies, clear air,† (Line 37). Let it not come by word of mouth, I should be sixty/ By the time the whole of it was delivered, and to numb to use it† (Lines 53-54). The speaker is frustrated by the gift bearer insistence that death come slowly; the speaker cannot wait that long. â€Å"A Birthday Present† essentially reads like a suicide note trying to reassure those left behind that death is really a grand relief. Lowell elegantly sums it up: Suicide, father-hatred, self-loathing—nothing is too much for the macabre gaiety of her control.Yet it is too much; her art’s immortality is life’s deg radation. The surprise, the shimmering, unwrapped birthday present, the transcendence â€Å"into the red eye, the cauldron of morning,† and the lover, who are always waiting for her, are death, her own abrupt and defiant death (Forward xiv). Defiant in death as she was in life, one can only hope that Plath has found what she was missing.Works Cited Bennett, Paula. My Life A Loaded Gun, Female Creativity and Feminist Poetics. Boston: Beacon Press, 1986. Lowell, Robert. â€Å"Foreword. †Ã‚  Ariel. New York: First Perennial Classics, 1999. xiii-xvi. Print. O ‘Reilly, Caitriona. â€Å"Sylvia Plath. † N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Nov. 2011. ;lt;http://www. us. oup. com/us/pdf/americanlit/plath. pdf;gt;. Plath, Sylvia. â€Å"A Birthday Present. †Ã‚  Ariel. New York: First Perennial Classics, 1999. 48-51. Print. Uroff, M. D.. â€Å"Sylvia Plath and Confessional Poetry: a Reconsideration. †Ã‚  The Iowa Review  8. 1 (1977): 104-115. JStor. Web. 16 Nov. 201 1. ;lt;http://www. jstor. org/stable/20158710;gt;.

What Is Synesthesia Definition and Types

The term synesthesia comes from the Greek words  syn, which means together, and  aisthesis, which means sensation. Synesthesia is a perception in which stimulating one sensory or cognitive pathway causes experiences in another sense or cognitive pathway. In other words, a sense or concept is connected to a different sense or concept, such as smelling colors or tasting a word. The connection between pathways is involuntary and consistent over time, rather than conscious or arbitrary. So, a person experiencing synesthesia doesnt think about the connection and always makes the exact same relationship between two sensations or thoughts. Synesthesia is an atypical mode of perception, not a medical condition or neurological abnormality.  A person who experiences synthesthesia over a lifetime is called a  synesthete.   Types of Synesthesia There are many different types of synesthesia, but they may be categorized as falling into one of two groups: associative  synesthesia and projective synesthesia. An associate feels a connection between a stimulus and a sense, while a projector actually sees, hears, feels, smells, or tastes a stimulation. For example, an associator might hear a violin and strongly associate it with the color blue, while a projector might hear a violin and see the color blue projected in space as if it were a physical object. There are at least 80 known types of synesthesia, but some are more common than others: Chromesthesia:  In this common form of synesthesia, sounds and colors are associated with each other. For example, the musical note D may correspond to seeing the color green.Grapheme-color synesthesia: This is a common form of synesthesia characterized by seeing graphemes (letter or numerals) shaded with a color. Synesthetes dont associate the same colors for a grapheme as each other, although the letter A does appear to be red to many individuals. Persons who experience grapheme-color synesthesia sometimes report seeing impossible colors when red and green or blue and yellow graphemes appear next to each other in a word or number.Number form: A number form is a mental shape or map of numbers resulting from seeing or thinking about numbers.Lexical-gustatory synesthesia: This a rare type of synesthesia in which hearing a word results in tasting a flavor. For example, a persons name might taste like chocolate.Mirror-touch synesthesia: While rare, mirror-touch synesthesia is notewort hy because it can be disruptive to a synesthetes life. In this form of synesthesia, an individual feels the same sensation in response to a stimulus as another person. For example, seeing a person being tapped on the shoulder would cause the synesthete to feel a tap on the shoulder too. Many other forms of synesthesia occur, including smell-color, month-flavor, sound-emotion, sound-touch, day-color, pain-color, and personality-color (auras). How Synesthesia Works Scientists have yet to make a definitive determination of the mechanism of synesthesia. It may be due to increased cross-talk between specialized regions of the brain. Another possible mechanism is that inhibition in a neural pathway is reduced in synesthetes, allowing multi-sensory processing of stimuli. Some researchers believe synesthesia is based on the way the brain extracts and assigns the meaning of a stimulus (ideasthesia). Who Has Synesthesia? Julia Simner, a psychologist studying synesthesia at  of the University of Edinburgh, estimates at least 4% of the population has synesthesia and that over 1% of people have grapheme-color synesthesia (colored numbers and letters). More women have synesthesia than men. Some research suggests the incidence of synesthesia may be higher in people with autism and in left-handed people. Whether or not there is a genetic component to developing this form of perception is hotly debated. Can You Develop Synesthesia? There are documented cases of non-synesthetes developing synesthesia. Specifically, head trauma, stroke, brain tumors, and temporal lobe epilepsy may produce synesthesia. Temporary synesthesia may result from exposure to the psychedelic drugs mescaline or LSD, from sensory deprivation, or from meditation. Its possible non-synesthetes may be able to develop associations between different senses through conscious practice. A potential advantage of this is improved memory and reaction time. For example, a person can react to sound more quickly than to sight or may recall a series of colors better than a series of numbers. Some people with chromasthesia have perfect pitch because they can identify notes as specific colors. Synesthesia is associated with enhanced creativity and unusual cognitive abilities. For example, synesthete Daniel Tammet set a European record for stating 22,514 digits of the number pi from memory using his ability to see numbers as colors and shapes. Sources Baron-Cohen S, Johnson D, Asher J, Wheelwright S, Fisher SE, Gregerson PK, Allison C, Is synaesthesia more common in autism?, Molecular Autism, 20 November 2013.Marcel Neckar; Petr Bob (11 January 2016). Synesthetic associations and psychosensory symptoms of temporal epilepsy. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. National Institutes of Health (NIH). 12: 109–12.Rich AN, Mattingley JB (January 2002). Anomalous perception in synesthesia: a cognitive neuroscience perspective. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (Review). 3 (1): 43–52.Simner J, Mulvenna C, Sagiv N, Tsakanikos E, Witherby SA, Fraser C, Scott K, Ward J (2006). Synaesthesia: The prevalence of atypical cross-modal experiences. Perception. 35: 1024–1033.